方法序説 第六部


 この仕事に役立つ実験については,そのすべてをやるには一人だけでは足りないことは,そのとおりである。しかしまた,他人の手はわたしの手ほど役に立たないだろう。だが,職人つまり賃金を払って雇う人の手は別で,かれらは,たいへん効果的な手立てである収入を得られるという期待で,命じられたすべてのことを正確に実行するだろう。というのも,好奇心や知識欲から助力を申し出る志願者はふつう,実行の及ばぬ約束をし,一つも成功しないようなりっぱな提案をするばかりでなく,報酬としてきっと,いくつかの難問の説明とか,少なくともお世辞やむだな会話を求めてくるのであり,そのために失われる時間はけつしてわずかな損害ではない。次に,ほかの人が行った実験について言えば,かれらはそれを秘儀と呼んでけつして公開しないだろうが,伝えようとする意志があっても,このような実験は大部分,たくさんの周辺条件やょけいな要素から成り立っていて,そこから真理を読み解くのはとても難しい。それに,実験をした人たちはかれらの原理に実験が「致するように見せようと努めるから,ほぼすべて,説明の仕方がまずく,まちがっているものもあるので,役に立つものがいくつかあったとしても,それを選び出すために時間をかけるほどの価値はない。したがってもし,ありうるかぎりもっとも偉大で,もっとも公衆に役立つことを見いだす力量がまちがいなくあると思われる人がこの世にいるとして,そのために,ほかの人たちがあらゆる手段でかれの計画がやりとげられるょう援助するとするならば,かれのためになしうろことは,必要とする実験の費用を提供し,さらにかれの自由な暇がだれにも邪魔されず奪われないよう防いでやること以外にはないであろう。しかし,わたしは自分が何か並々ならぬことを約束しようとするほど自惚れていないし,また公衆がわたしの計画に大きな関心を寄せるはずだと想像するほど空しい考えにふけってもいない。そればかりでなく,わたしが受けるに値しないような恐れのある好意は,だれからであれ受けようと望むほど,卑しい心は梓ちていない。
It is true, indeed, as regards the experiments which may conduce to this end, that one man is not equal to the task of making them all; but yet he can advantageously avail himself, in this work, of no hands besides his own, unless those of artisans, or parties of the same kind, whom he could pay, and whom the hope of gain (a means of great efficacy) might stimulate to accuracy in the performance of what was prescribed to them. For as to those who, through curiosity or a desire of learning, of their own accord, perhaps, offer him their services, besides that in general their promises exceed their performance, and that they sketch out fine designs of which not one is ever realized, they will, without doubt, expect to be compensated for their trouble by the explication of some difficulties, or, at least, by compliments and useless speeches, in which he cannot spend any portion of his time without loss to himself. And as for the experiments that others have already made, even although these parties should be willing of themselves to communicate them to him, (which is what those who esteem them secrets will never do,) the experiments are, for the most part, accompanied with so many circumstances and superfluous elements, as to make it exceedingly difficult to disentangle the truth from its adjuncts; besides, he will find almost all of them so ill described, or even so false, (because those who made them have wished to see in them only such facts as they deemed conformable to their principles,) that, if in the entire number there should be some of a nature suited to his purpose, still their value could not compensate for the time that would be necessary to make the selection. So that if there existed any one whom we assuredly knew to be capable of making discoveries of the highest kind, and of the greatest possible utility to the public; and if all other men were therefore eager by all means to assist him in successfully prosecuting his designs, I do not see that they could do aught else for him beyond contributing to defray the expenses of the experiments that might be necessary; and for the rest, prevent his being deprived of his leisure by the unseasonable interruptions of any one. But besides that I neither have so high an opinion of myself as to be willing to make promise of anything extraordinary, nor feed on imaginations so vain as to fancy that the public must be much interested in my designs; I do not, on the other hand, own a soul so mean as to be capable of accepting from any one a favour of which it could be supposed that I was unworthy.